فصلنامه پژوهش های تجربی حسابداری
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، پاییز 1391)

This research investigates the impact of privatization on agency costs in privatized firms with considering corporate governance mechanisms and regulation environment modification. The proxies for corporate governance mechanisms are ownership concentration، independence of board of directors، managerial ownership، institutional ownership and audit quality and for agency costs is assets utilization ratio. Thus، information from 38 firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during 2003 to 2010 has been studied by considering certain characteristics (304 firm-year). The pooled data method has been used for data analysis and to examine hypotheses OLS method has been applied. The results reveal that agency costs of previously public enterprises significantly is increased after privatization. Moreover، agency costs has a significant relationship with ownership concentration، independence of board of directors، managerial and institutional ownership.

Auditing is usually posed for reduction of conflict advantages when there is agency relationship and it is one of the main factors that is suitable for corporate governance. Therefore، in this study the impact of some corporate governance mechanisms in choosing auditor during 2006 - 2009 for 28 listed companies on Tehran Stock Exchange has been investigated by using panel data method. The results of testing three hypotheses indicate that there is a significant relationship between the number of non-executive officers and distinguishing the CEO from the board head and choosing auditor. But، there is not a significant relationship between large controlling shareholders with huge percentage of shares and choosing auditor.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ownership structure (concentration and mix) on firms value. Statistical sample of research included 69 firms during the years 2005-2009. Statistical method which has been used in this research is «panel data». Multiple linear regression has been used for testing the relationship between ownership structure and firm value. Findings have indicated that there is not a significant relationship between ownership concentration of main shareholder، logistic variable of main shareholder and Herfindahl index with firms value. On the other hand، there is a significant relationship between ownership concentration of five main shareholders and their logistic variable with firm value. The results of testing the effects of the kind of ownership show that a positive and significant relationship exists between firms value with individual and institutional ownership، and a negative and insignificant relationship exists between firm value with governmental ownership.

In the knowledge-based economics، intellectual capital is the lever for sustainable performance and maintaining competitive advantages. The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of intellectual capital and its component on market value and financial performance of Cement Industry Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research، for measuring intellectual capital، Pulic’s model was used. The data is restricted to 12 companies between years 2006 and 2010. To test the hypotheses and analyze data، panel regression (least squares LS) was used. The findings show that intellectual capital has a significant correlation with firms’ market value and financial performance. Also، findings show that among the measures of intellectual capital، capital employed efficiency has the most significant positive correlation with firms’ market value

The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of inflation rates on earnings quality of the companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). For this reason، the stability of the four models - earnings persistence، earnings predicted value، value relevance of earnings and timeliness of earnings - are used to evaluate the earnings quality of the corporations. Inflation rate is independent variable. The sample data is restricted to 130 companies listed on TSE during 2000 to 2009. In conducting this research، four hypotheses were proposed to examine the effect of macroeconomic variables on earnings quality of the firms during the designated period. Accordingly، the statistical technique known as the “Panel Data” was exerted to test the research hypothesis. The results of the hypotheses testing demonstrate that there is no significant relationship between inflation rate and earnings quality in the entire industry. However، with examining it in every industry، we observed that in some industries there is a significant relationship between measures of earnings quality and the rate of inflation. There is a positive significant relationship between inflation rate and earnings persistence in the Automotive and Machinery industry. In the Minerals and Mining industries a negative significant relationship exists between inflation rate and value relevance of earnings and a negative relationship exists between inflation rate and timeliness of earnings in the Metal Industry and Other Industries. Furthermore، there is no significant relationship between inflation rate and earnings predicted in six industries studied.

The purpose of this study is to investigate digital economy، electronic government and tax return system in Iran. Also، this study tries to investigate the models and scientific theses in this field such as unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) which are considered as the most important factors affecting this electronic service. Therefore، a model has been provided which consists of efficiency expectancy (profitability)، try expectancy (using facility)، social effects and back up conditions and tends to use electronic tax return (UTAUT) factors. The results show that factors affected by using this service are: try expectancy، social effects and efficiency expectancy respectively. Also the digital signature factor has a positive and significant effect on efficiency expectancy factor but not on try expectancy. Infrastructure- technical factor has a positive and significant effect on efficiency y

This study investigates the relationship between auditor tenure and discretionary accrual in listed firms on Tehran Stock Exchange. To examine discretionary accrual، Modified Jones model is used. Therefore، based on considered conditions 260 firm-year over 2006-2010 have been selected. Panel analysis is used for analyzing data. Results show that there is a positive significant relationship between auditor tenure and discretionary accruals in all the companies under study.